File : pdf, 6.27 MB, 292 pages
TOC
Chapter 1
Introduction
Deformation Survey Techniques
Life Cycle Project Management
Metrics
Trade Name Exclusions
Chapter 2
Planning, Design, and Accuracy Requirements
Standards for Deformation Surveys
Accuracy Requirements for Performing Deformation Surveys
Overview of Deformation Surveying Design
Professional Associations
Causes of Dam Failure
Foundation Problems in Dams
Navigation Locks
Deformation Parameters
Location of Monitoring Points
Design of Reference Networks
Reference Point Monumentation
Monitoring Point Monumentation
Design of Measurement Schemes
Measurement Reliability
Frequency of Measurements
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 3
Deformation Measurement and Alignment Instrumentation
General
Angle and Distance Measurements
Differential Leveling
Total Station Trigonometric Elevations
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Photogrammetric Techniques
Alignment Measurements
Extension and Strain Measurements
Tilt and Inclination Measurements
Non-Geodetic Measurements
Optical Tooling Technology
Laser Tooling methods
Laser Alignment Technology & Techniques
Laser Alignment Error Sources
Laser Beam Propagation
Laser Alignment Equipment
Current Laser Alignment Surveys
Suspended and Inverted Plumblines
Comparison of Alignment and Plumbline Systems
Tiltmeter Observations
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 4
Sources of Measurement Error and Instrument Calibrations
Surveying Measurement Errors
Optical Pointing Error
Instrument Leveling Error
Instrument Centering Error
Horizontal Angle Measurement Error
Electronic Distance Measurement Error
Zenith Angle Measurement Error
Refraction of Optical Lines of Sight
Theodolite System Error
Reflector Alignment Error
EDM Scale Error
EDM Prism Zero Error
EDM Cyclic Error
Calibration Baselines
Equipment for Baseline Calibration
Procedures for Baseline Calibration
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 5
Angle and Distance Observations–Theodolites, Total Stations and EDM
Scope
Instrument and Reflector Centering Procedures
Angle and Direction Observations
Distance Observations
Electro-Optical Distance Measurement
EDM Reductions
Atmospheric Refraction Correction
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 6
Settlement Surveys–Precise Differential Leveling Observations
Scope
Precise Geodetic Leveling
Differential Leveling Reductions
Total Station Trigonometric Heights
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 7
Alignment, Deflection, and Crack Measurement Surveys–Micrometer Observations
Scope
Relative Alignment Deflections from Fixed Baseline
Micrometer Crack Measurement Observations
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 8
Monitoring Structural Deformations Using the Global Positioning System
Purpose
Background
Scope of Chapter
Section I
Monitoring Structural Deformation with GPS
Surveying Requirements
Surveying Procedures
Data Processing Procedures
GPS Monitoring Applications
GPS Survey Reporting and Results
Section II
GPS Performance on Monitoring Networks
Principles of GPS Carrier Phase Measurement
GPS Receiving System Performance
Sources of Error in GPS Measurements
GPS Performance on Monitoring Networks
Section III
Data Quality Assessment for Precise GPS Surveying
Quality Assessment Tools
GPS Session Status
Data Post-Processing
Post-Processing Statistics
Closure and Station Checks
Section IV
GPS Multipath Error
Description of Multipath Signals
Data Cleaning Techniques for GPS Surveys
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 9
Preanalysis and Network Adjustment
General
Theory of Measurements
Least Squares Adjustment
Adjustment Input Parameters
Adjustment Output Parameters
Adjustment Procedures
Sample Adjustment–Yatesville Lake Dam
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 10
Relative Distance Ratio Assessment Methods
Introduction
Deformation Monitoring Using Ratio Methods
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 11
Analysis and Assessment of Results
General
Geometrical Analysis
Statistical Modeling
Deterministic Modeling
Hybrid Analysis Method
Automated Data Management
Scope of Deformation Analysis
Mandatory Requirements
Chapter 12
Data Presentation and Final Reports
Report Format
Displacement Data Presentation
Data Management
Mandatory Requirements
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