Control of Hazards to Health from Laser Radiation
File : pdf, 2.5 MB, 293 pages
TOC
CHAPT 1 BACKGROUND
CHAPT 2 INTRODUCTION TO LASERS
Background
Nature of light
Production of light
Components of a laser
Lasing medium
Pumping system
Optical cavity
Types of lasers
Temporal modes of operation
Spatial transverse electromagnetic modes of operation
Beam diameter
Divergence
Hot spots
CHAPT 3 EFFECTS OF LASER EXPOSURE
Introduction
Skin
Eye
Medical surveillance
Overexposure reporting
Low-level adverse visual effects
CHAPT 4 LASER HAZARD CLASSIFICATION AND EVALUATION
Introduction
Laser classification
Hazard evaluations
Evaluation of personal injury hazards
Determining ocular maximum permissible exposures
Determining skin maximum permissible exposures
Use of apertures
Nominal ocular hazard distance
Nominal hazard zone
Specular reflection nominal ocular hazard distance
Buffer zones
CHAPT 5 INDOOR CONTROL MEASURES
Introduction
Types of control measures
Indoor laser installations
Warning signs
Education and training
Authorized personnel
Beam alignment procedures
CHAPT 6 RANGE CONTROL AND OUTDOOR APPLICATIONS
Force-on-Force exercises
Background
Laser systems
User instructions
Range boundaries
Range control procedures
Image intensifiers
Countdown
Communications
Operation outside of range area
Laser operations from aircraft
Hangar, garage, and maintenance shop procedures
Inclement weather
Visual interference hazards
CHAPT 7 LASER EYE PROTECTIVE DEVICES
Background
Operational requirements for laser protective eyewear
Other laser protective devices
Laser eye protective device parameters
Selecting appropriate eyewear
Army laser eye protectors
Commercial sources of laser eye protectors
Inspection and testing of laser eye protective devices
CHAPT 8 NONBEAM HAZARDS
Introduction
Electrical hazards
Prevention of electrical shock
First-aid procedures for electrical shock victims
Laser-generated air contaminants
Collateral and plasma radiation
Fire hazards
Explosion hazards
Compressed gases
Laser dyes
Cryogenics
Noise
Confining space
Ergonomics
CHAPT 9 SAFETY DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR MILITARY LASERS
Overview
Applicability
Basic policy
Tailoring
Design requirements for exempted lasers
Design requirements for Class 3B and Class 4
exempted lasers
Laser test sets
CHAPT 10 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR ASSOCIATED
SUPPORT EQUIPMENT
Introduction
General requirements
Requirements for Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3a laser support equipment
Requirements for Class 3b and Class 4 laser support equipment
CHAPT 11 LASER SAFETY IN HEALTHCARE FACILITIES
Introduction
Healthcare laser system–laser hazard classification
Effects of medical lasers on the biological system
Healthcare laser system–non–Surgical lasers
Medical lasers–control and operation of healthcare laser systems
Healthcare laser system–multi-wavelength laser protective
eyewear hazards
CHAPT 12 LASER SAFETY PROGRAM–RPO/LSO RESPONSIBILITIES
Introduction
General requirements
Operational procedures
App A REFERENCES 105
App B CALCULATIONS FOR HAZARD EVALUATION AND CLASSIFICATION
App C MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
App D SAMPLE SAFETY GUIDELINES
App E MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURES
App F CONTROL MEASURES
App G EYE PROTECTION
App H SPECIFIC LASER SYSTEMS
App I STANDARDIZATION WITH INTERNATIONAL
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